What defines Wind Shear turbulence?

Wind shear turbulence is primarily characterized by steep gradients in wind velocity or direction within a short distance. This phenomenon occurs when there is a significant change in wind speed or direction in the atmosphere over a relatively small vertical or horizontal space. Such changes can lead to turbulence, especially when aircraft encounter these varying conditions during flight.

Understanding wind shear is crucial for pilots as it can dramatically affect aircraft performance, particularly during takeoff and landing. Rapid changes in wind can cause sudden changes in lift and control, leading to potential challenges in maintaining stability and control of the aircraft.

While the other options provide information about atmospheric conditions, they do not encapsulate the essence of wind shear turbulence. Uniformity in wind direction, for instance, would typically indicate calm weather conditions rather than turbulence. Similarly, stable air layers and gradual changes in temperature do not directly relate to the concept of wind shear, which hinges on abrupt, often hazardous variations in wind characteristics.